Of food and mood: What you eat could affect who you are, study says

The adage “you are what you eat” is probably true, a new study from Texas A&M University’s School of Public Health suggests.

The study, which was published recently in the journal Nutrients, suggests there are distinct bacteria and metabolomes associated with four personality traits.

“This reinforces many of the public health concepts related to nutrition and health,” said Matthew Lee Smith, associate professor in the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and one of the researchers on the study. “Gut microbiome may be influencing the way you are, not just the way you are today. These findings are more suggestive than definitive, but they have contributed to our understanding of what gut health can do and how it makes people feel.”

The research team studied the correlation between the gut microbiome and four personality traits: mental energy, mental fatigue, physical energy and physical fatigue. The team found that bacteria and metabolome associated with metabolism were associated with either mental or physical energy, while bacteria associated with inflammation were associated with mental or physical fatigue.

“What you eat determines the bacteria and the microbiome in your gut,” said Ali Boolani, associate professor in the Department of Physical Therapy at Clarkson University and lead author on the study. “With this study, we have made an exploratory link between a person’s microbiome and their mood.”

Fatigue is a known problem that contributes to poor work and school performance and can be attributed to many diseases and disorders among middle-aged and older adults, but it is a poorly understood problem.

Fatigue is often chalked up to a lack of energy. However, more recent evidence has shown that the two are not as connected as we have previously been led to believe. Fatigue and energy are distinct moods, not necessarily opposites of one another.

One area that has been shown to contribute to fatigue is nutrition, or a lack thereof. Food is the biggest source of energy for individuals and a healthy diet can help to combat some of the pitfalls associated with fatigue. However, it is not the only factor.

The research team studied a subset of individuals from a larger study that investigated the gut microbiome. Participants completed a brief survey that was used to identify potential correlations between gut microbiota and mental and physical energy and fatigue.

They found that mental energy, mental fatigue, physical energy and physical fatigue all have unique but overlapping gut bacteria profiles, suggesting a need to further explore the role of gut microbiota to understand long-standing feelings of energy and fatigue.

“We know that energy and fatigue can be influenced by so many things like what you eat, your physical activity, your sleep, your chronic conditions or the medications you take for these conditions,” Smith said. “Understanding how nutrition and malnutrition are linked to fatigue and energy is important because falls, chronic fatigue and low-energy can diminish the health and quality of life for older adults living with chronic conditions.”